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Lancashire- A Palatine and maritime county,is bounded on the north by Cumberland and Westmoreland, on the east by Yorkshire, on the south by Cheshire and Derbyshire, and on the west by the Irish Sea.

The first Earl of Lancashire was Edmund Crouchback, youngest son of Henry lll. In the time of the valiant John of Gaunt, fourth son of Edward, the county of Lancaster was advanced to the dignity of a palatinate, by a Royal patent. It confers the title of Duke of Lancaster on the King, and many other high titles are derived by nobility from this county.

Lancashire has been, at a great variety of periods in history, the scene of contention and theatre of strife. The sanguinary conflicts between the Houses of York and Lancaster, and the Royal forces of Charles l, and those of Parliament under Cromwell, as well as the support which the Pretender received from the disaffected, have stained the fields of this county with blood. The Battle of Flodden Field, of more early date, gave testimony to the prowess of the men of Lancashire and the achievements of the heroic bowmen and billmen from the districts of Warrington, Wigan, Rochdale, Preston, Blackburn, Bolton etc.

A very extraordinary page in Lancashire history must not be omitted - The Lancashire Witches. In 1594, Ferdinand the fifth Earl of Derby was seized with mortal sickness, produced probably by poison secretly administered. After much suffering, he died days later. In his chamber was found an image of wax with hair the same colour as that of the Earl, stuffed into the belly! In the 1600s, many notorious witches were tried at Lancaster assizes.

( Pigotand Co.'s National Commercial Directory, 1828)

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